Exterior Design
The BMW i3 adopts pure electric mid-size luxury sedan design language, equipped with a closed double-kidney front grille and adaptive LED headlight groups. The vehicle is fitted with LED taillight groups and aerodynamic rear bumper trim. It is available in multiple body color options, including Alpine White, Black Sapphire, Mineral Silver, Arctic Grey and Phytonic Blue. The model supports 18-inch, 19-inch and 20-inch wheel configurations for different versions.
In terms of dimensions, the vehicle measures 4872 mm in length, 1846 mm in width, and 1481 mm in height, with a wheelbase of 2966 mm. The model adopts a 4-door 5-seater layout. The vehicle is fitted with electrically adjustable exterior mirrors and electric tailgate as standard.
Interior Design
The BMW i3 is equipped with a 12.3-inch full LCD digital instrument cluster and a 14.9-inch central touchscreen. Interior color schemes include Black, Coffee, Ivory White and Mocha, matched with leather upholstery and aluminum alloy decorative trim. The vehicle supports multi-color ambient lighting and dual-zone automatic constant temperature air conditioning.
In terms of configurations, the standard model is equipped with front, side and curtain airbags, front and rear parking sensors, rearview camera, and constant-speed cruise control. It comes with keyless entry, one-key start and mobile phone interconnection functions. The high-spec version is fitted with a 360-degree panoramic camera system, adaptive cruise control, lane keeping assist and active braking system.
Powertrain
The BMW i3 adopts the fifth-generation BMW eDrive electric system, equipped with single-motor rear-wheel drive configuration and single-speed electric transmission. The low-power version delivers a maximum power of 210 kW and peak torque of 400 Nm. The high-power version outputs a maximum power of 250 kW and peak torque of 430 Nm. The electronically limited top speed of the vehicle is 180 km/h.
The vehicle is equipped with a ternary lithium battery pack. The CLTC-rated cruising range covers 526 km and 592 km for different versions. It supports DC fast charging function, which can charge the battery from 10% to 80% in approximately 30 minutes. The model supports energy recovery and OTA upgrade functions.
| 2024 BMW i3 eDrive 35 L | 2024 BMW i3 eDrive 40 L Obsidian Package | 2024 BMW i3 eDrive 40 L Obsidian Sport Package | 2023 BMW i3 eDrive 40 L Obsidian Package | 2023 BMW i3 eDrive 40 L Obsidian Sport Package | 2022 BMW i3 eDrive 35 L | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic Information | ||||||
| Availability | 2023.11 | 2023.11 | 2023.11 | 2023.02 | 2023.02 | 2022.03 |
| vehicle class | Mid-size trim | Mid-size trim | Mid-size trim | Mid-size trim | Mid-size trim | Mid-size trim |
| Length*Width*Height(mm) | 4872*1846*1481 | 4872*1846*1481 | 4872*1846*1481 | 4872*1846*1481 | 4872*1846*1481 | 4872*1846*1481 |
| Type of energy | all-electric | all-electric | all-electric | all-electric | all-electric | all-electric |
| CLTC pure electric range (km) | 526 | 592 | 592 | 592 | 592 | 526 |
| Total motor power (kW) | 210 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 210 |
| Total motor torque (N-m) | 400 | 430 | 430 | 430 | 430 | 400 |
| Maximum speed (km/h) | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 |
| 0-100km/h acceleration(s) | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.2 |
| Battery Type | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery |
| Battery capacity (kWh) | 70 | 79.05 | 79.05 | 79.05 | 79.05 | 70 |
| Fast charging time (h) | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 |
| Fast charging capacity (%) | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Warranty Policy | Three years or 100,000 kilometers | Three years or 100,000 kilometers | Three years or 100,000 kilometers | Three years or 100,000 kilometers | Three years or 100,000 kilometers | Three years or 100,000 kilometers |
| body of automobile | ||||||
| Length (mm) | 4872 | 4872 | 4872 | 4872 | 4872 | 4872 |
| Width (mm) | 1846 | 1846 | 1846 | 1846 | 1846 | 1846 |
| Height (mm) | 1481 | 1481 | 1481 | 1481 | 1481 | 1481 |
| Wheelbase (mm) | 2966 | 2966 | 2966 | 2966 | 2966 | 2966 |
| Front wheelbase(mm) | 1593 | 1593 | 1593 | 1593 | 1593 | 1593 |
| Rear wheelbase(mm) | 1581 | 1581 | 1581 | 1581 | 1581 | 1581 |
| Weight (kg) | 2029 | 2087 | 2087 | 2087 | 2087 | 2029 |
| Luggage compartment volume (L) | 410 | 410 | 410 | 410 | 410 | 410 |
| Number of doors (pcs) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Number of seats (pcs) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Sport Appearance Package | - | - | ● | - | ● | - |
| electric motor | ||||||
| Total motor power (kW) | 210 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 210 |
| Total motor torque (N-m) | 400 | 430 | 430 | 430 | 430 | 400 |
| Maximum power of rear electric motor (kW) | 210 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 210 |
| Rear motor maximum torque (N-m) | 400 | 430 | 430 | 430 | 430 | 400 |
| CLTC pure electric range (km) | 526 | 592 | 592 | 592 | 592 | 526 |
| Battery capacity (kWh) | 70 | 79.05 | 79.05 | 79.05 | 79.05 | 70 |
| 100km power consumption (kWh/100km) | 14.3 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.3 |
| Slow charging time (h) | 6.75 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 6.75 |
| Fast charging time (h) | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 |
| Number of drive motors | single motor | single motor | single motor | single motor | single motor | single motor |
| Motor Layout | place after (e.g. in grammar) | place after (e.g. in grammar) | place after (e.g. in grammar) | place after (e.g. in grammar) | place after (e.g. in grammar) | place after (e.g. in grammar) |
| Battery Type | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery | Ternary lithium battery |
| Battery Cell Brands | Ningde Times | Ningde Times | Ningde Times | Ningde Times | Ningde Times | Ningde Times |
| Battery cooling method | liquid cooling | liquid cooling | liquid cooling | liquid cooling | liquid cooling | liquid cooling |
| power exchange | unsupported | unsupported | unsupported | unsupported | unsupported | unsupported |
| Battery Energy Density(Wh/kg) | 138 | 140 | 140 | 140 | 140 | 138 |
| fast charging function | be in favor of | be in favor of | be in favor of | be in favor of | be in favor of | be in favor of |
| Fast charging capacity (%) | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Battery Pack Warranty | Eight years or 160,000 kilometers | Eight years or 160,000 kilometers | Eight years or 160,000 kilometers | Eight years or 160,000 kilometers | Eight years or 160,000 kilometers | Eight years or 160,000 kilometers |
| Battery preheating | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Chassis/steering | ||||||
| Driving form | rear drive | rear drive | rear drive | rear drive | rear drive | rear drive |
| Front suspension type | Dual ball joint MacPherson independent suspension | Dual ball joint MacPherson independent suspension | Dual ball joint MacPherson independent suspension | Dual ball joint MacPherson independent suspension | Dual ball joint MacPherson independent suspension | Dual ball joint MacPherson independent suspension |
| Rear suspension type | Multi-link independent suspension | Multi-link independent suspension | Multi-link independent suspension | Multi-link independent suspension | Multi-link independent suspension | Multi-link independent suspension |
| Adjustable suspension | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| air suspension | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Steering assist form | electric power assist | electric power assist | electric power assist | electric power assist | electric power assist | electric power assist |
| Wheels/Brakes | ||||||
| Front/Rear Brake Type | Ventilated tray type | Ventilated tray type | Ventilated tray type | Ventilated tray type | Ventilated tray type | Ventilated tray type |
| Parking brake type | electronic parking | electronic parking | electronic parking | electronic parking | electronic parking | electronic parking |
| Front Tire Specification | 225/50 R18 | 225/50 R18 | 225/45 R19 | 225/50 R18 | 225/45 R19 | 225/50 R18 |
| Rear Tire Specification | 245/45 R18 | 245/45 R18 | 245/40 R19 | 245/45 R18 | 245/40 R19 | 245/45 R18 |
| Wheel Material | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum |
| Active/passive safety features | ||||||
| ABS anti-lock | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Brake force distribution (EBD/CBC etc.) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Brake Assist (BA/EBA/BAS etc.) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Traction control (ASR/TCS/TRC etc.) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Stability Control (ESC/ESP/DSC etc.) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Active braking/safety systems | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| merging aid | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) |
| lane keeping assist system | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) |
| lane departure warning | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Road traffic signage recognition | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) |
| Fatigue Driving Alerts | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| front exhaust airbag | :: Driver's airbag | :: Driver's airbag | :: Driver's airbag | :: Driver's airbag | :: Driver's airbag | :: Driver's airbag |
| ●Passenger airbag | ●Passenger airbag | ●Passenger airbag | ●Passenger airbag | ●Passenger airbag | ●Passenger airbag | |
| ●Side airbags | ●Side airbags | ●Side airbags | ●Side airbags | ●Side airbags | ●Side airbags | |
| ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | |
| Rear airbags | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) | ●Head airbags (air curtains) |
| Tire Pressure Detection Device | ●Display | ●Display | ●Display | ●Display | ●Display | ●Display |
| Seat Belt Reminder | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver |
| ●Passenger | ●Passenger | ●Passenger | ●Passenger | ●Passenger | ●Passenger | |
| ISOFIX child restraints | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Passive pedestrian protection | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Forward Collision Warning | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Auxiliary/Manipulation Configurations | ||||||
| parking radar | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward |
| ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | |
| Driver Assistance Video | ● Backup camera | ● Backup camera | ●360-degree panoramic image | ● Backup camera | ●360-degree panoramic image | ● Backup camera |
| ○360-degree panoramic image | ○360-degree panoramic image | ○360-degree panoramic image | ○360-degree panoramic image | |||
| cruise control | ●Cruise control | ●Cruise control | ●Adaptive cruise at all speeds | ●Cruise control | ●Adaptive cruise at all speeds | ●Cruise control |
| ○Adaptive cruise at all speeds | ○Adaptive cruise at all speeds | ○Adaptive cruise at all speeds | ○Adaptive cruise at all speeds | |||
| Driving Mode Switching | :: Campaigns | :: Campaigns | :: Campaigns | :: Campaigns | :: Campaigns | :: Campaigns |
| :: Economy | :: Economy | :: Economy | :: Economy | :: Economy | :: Economy | |
| :: Standard/comfort | :: Standard/comfort | :: Standard/comfort | :: Standard/comfort | :: Standard/comfort | :: Standard/comfort | |
| hill-holding aid | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| automatic parking | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| automatic parking | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) |
| Assisted driving level | ○L2 | ○L2 | ○L2 | ○L2 | ○L2 | ○L2 |
| External/anti-theft configurations | ||||||
| skylights | ●Openable panoramic sunroof | ●Openable panoramic sunroof | ●Openable panoramic sunroof | ●Openable panoramic sunroof | ●Openable panoramic sunroof | ●Openable panoramic sunroof |
| Active Closed Grille | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Trunk opening method | ○Motorized | ○Motorized | ○Motorized | ○Motorized | ○Motorized | ○Motorized |
| ○Induction | ○Induction | ○Induction | ○Induction | ○Induction | ○Induction | |
| Key Type | ●Remote key | ●Remote key | ●Remote key | ●Remote key | ●Remote key | ●Remote key |
| Keyless entry | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | ● | ● | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) |
| Keyless Start System | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Central locking in the car | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Internal Configuration | ||||||
| Steering wheel material | ● Leather | ● Leather | ● Leather | ● Leather | ● Leather | ● Leather |
| Steering Wheel Adjustment | ● Manual | ● Manual | ● Manual | ● Manual | ● Manual | ● Manual |
| Adjustable up and down | Adjustable up and down | Adjustable up and down | Adjustable up and down | Adjustable up and down | Adjustable up and down | |
| Adjustable front and rear | Adjustable front and rear | Adjustable front and rear | Adjustable front and rear | Adjustable front and rear | Adjustable front and rear | |
| Steering wheel functions | :: Multifunctionality | :: Multifunctionality | :: Multifunctionality | :: Multifunctionality | :: Multifunctionality | :: Multifunctionality |
| center armrest | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward |
| ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | |
| Sun visor vanity mirror | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Liquid crystal instrument size | 12.3 in. | 12.3 in. | 12.3 in. | 12.3 in. | 12.3 in. | 12.3 in. |
| HUD Head-Up Display | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) |
| Built-in car recorder | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) |
| Wireless charging function for cell phones | ○Front row | ○Front row | ○Front row | ○Front row | ○Front row | ○Front row |
| seating | ||||||
| Seat Material | :: Imitation leather | :: Imitation leather | :: Imitation leather | :: Imitation leather | :: Imitation leather | :: Imitation leather |
| Main Driver's Seat Function | :: Memory | :: Memory | :: Memory | :: Memory | :: Memory | :: Memory |
| ○Heating | ○Heating | ○Heating | ○Heating | ○Heating | ○Heating | |
| Passenger seat function | ○Heating | ○Heating | ○Heating | ○Heating | ○Heating | ○Heating |
| Seat electric adjustment | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver | ●Principal Driver |
| ●Passenger | ●Passenger | ●Passenger | ●Passenger | ●Passenger | ●Passenger | |
| Integral adjustment of the main driver's seat | ●Before and after | ●Before and after | ●Before and after | ●Before and after | ●Before and after | ●Before and after |
| ●Backrests | ●Backrests | ●Backrests | ●Backrests | ●Backrests | ●Backrests | |
| :: High and low | :: High and low | :: High and low | :: High and low | :: High and low | :: High and low | |
| Partial adjustment of the main driver's seat | ○Waist | ○Waist | ○Waist | ○Waist | ○Waist | ○Waist |
| ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | |
| Passenger seat overall adjustment | ●Before and after | ●Before and after | ●Before and after | ●Before and after | ●Before and after | ●Before and after |
| ●Backrests | ●Backrests | ●Backrests | ●Backrests | ●Backrests | ●Backrests | |
| :: High and low | :: High and low | :: High and low | :: High and low | :: High and low | :: High and low | |
| Partial adjustment of the passenger seat | ○Waist | ○Waist | ○Waist | ○Waist | ○Waist | ○Waist |
| ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | ●Leg rests | |
| Rear Cup Holder | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| multimedia | ||||||
| Large color screen in the center console | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| satellite navigation system | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Navigating the road information display | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Roadside assistance calls | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Mobile APP Remote Function | ●Door control | ●Door control | ●Door control | ●Door control | ●Door control | ●Door control |
| ● Vehicle start-up | ● Vehicle start-up | ● Vehicle start-up | ● Vehicle start-up | ● Vehicle start-up | ● Vehicle start-up | |
| ● Charge management | ● Charge management | ● Charge management | ● Charge management | ● Charge management | ● Charge management | |
| ● Air conditioning control | ● Air conditioning control | ● Air conditioning control | ● Air conditioning control | ● Air conditioning control | ● Air conditioning control | |
| Bluetooth/Car Phone | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Cell phone connectivity/mapping | ●CarPlay support | ●CarPlay support | ●CarPlay support | ●CarPlay support | ●CarPlay support | ●CarPlay support |
| Audio Brand Name | Harman/Kardon Harman Kardon option | Harman/Kardon Harman Kardon option | Harman/Kardon Harman Kardon | Harman/Kardon Harman Kardon option | Harman/Kardon Harman Kardon | Harman/Kardon Harman Kardon option |
| Number of audio speakers | 6 (Option 17) | 6 (Option 17) | 17 | 6 (Option 17) | 17 | 6 (Option 17) |
| Voice Recognition Control System | :: Multimedia systems | :: Multimedia systems | :: Multimedia systems | :: Multimedia systems | :: Multimedia systems | :: Multimedia systems |
| :: Navigation | :: Navigation | :: Navigation | :: Navigation | :: Navigation | :: Navigation | |
| :: Telephone | :: Telephone | :: Telephone | :: Telephone | :: Telephone | :: Telephone | |
| :: Air conditioning | :: Air conditioning | :: Air conditioning | :: Air conditioning | :: Air conditioning | :: Air conditioning | |
| Telematics | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| OTA upgrade | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Interface Support | ●USB port | ●USB port | ●USB port | ●USB port | ●USB port | ●USB port |
| illumination | ●Type-C port | ●Type-C port | ●Type-C port | ●Type-C port | ●Type-C port | ●Type-C port |
| low beam (headlights) | ●LED | ●LED | ●LED | ●LED | ●LED | ●LED |
| high beam (headlights) | ●LED | ●LED | ●LED | ●LED | ●LED | ●LED |
| LED daytime running lights | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Adaptive high and low beam | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) | ● | character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) |
| Adjustable headlights | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Automatic headlights | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Delayed headlight off | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Interior ambient lighting | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Glass/Mirror | ||||||
| power window | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward | ●Forward |
| ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | ● Post | |
| One-touch window lifting | ● Full vehicle | ● Full vehicle | ● Full vehicle | ● Full vehicle | ● Full vehicle | ● Full vehicle |
| Anti Window Pinch Handle | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| rearview mirror | ●Motorized adjustment | ●Motorized adjustment | ●Motorized adjustment | ●Motorized adjustment | ●Motorized adjustment | ●Motorized adjustment |
| :: Electric folding | :: Electric folding | :: Electric folding | :: Electric folding | :: Electric folding | :: Electric folding | |
| ○Automatic anti-glare | ○Automatic anti-glare | ●Automatic anti-glare | ○Automatic anti-glare | ●Automatic anti-glare | ○Automatic anti-glare | |
| :: Memory | :: Memory | :: Memory | :: Memory | :: Memory | :: Memory | |
| ●Heating | ●Heating | ●Heating | ●Heating | ●Heating | ●Heating | |
| ●Automatic folding for locking the car | ●Automatic folding for locking the car | ●Automatic folding for locking the car | ●Automatic folding for locking the car | ●Automatic folding for locking the car | ●Automatic folding for locking the car | |
| ●Automatic reversing down | ●Automatic reversing down | ●Automatic reversing down | ●Automatic reversing down | ●Automatic reversing down | ●Automatic reversing down | |
| rearview mirror | ○Automatic anti-glare | ●Automatic anti-glare | ●Automatic anti-glare | ●Automatic anti-glare | ●Automatic anti-glare | ○Automatic anti-glare |
| ●Manual anti-glare | ●Manual anti-glare | |||||
| inductive wiper | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Air conditioners/refrigerators | ||||||
| Air conditioning control method | ● Automatic control | ● Automatic control | ● Automatic control | ● Automatic control | ● Automatic control | ● Automatic control |
| Individual air-conditioning in the rear | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| rear air vent | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Temperature zone control | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| PM2.5 filtration | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |





















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